Marx's Class Struggle explained simply

     If we combine Karl Marx's dialectical approach with his materialist interpretation of history (see previous summary), we get “dialectical materialism” (a term that Marx never used himself and that was offered by later followers of Marx).  Class struggle for Marx is a condition which is dialectical on the struggle side of it and material on the class side of it. Within Dialectical materialism,  each social class generates its opposite with which it is in continual conflict.  Thus, the bourgeoisie requires the existence of the proletariat (this is very reminiscent of Hegel's Slave-Master Dialectic, only on the material and ideal side) Yet they are in conflict over wages and working conditions. “The history of all heretofore existing societies is the history of class struggles”; this is the famous opening line of the Communist Manifesto and it tries to give the gist of Marx's dialectical materialism and his perception of how history functions, and most important, where it is headed (hint: communism).  But while two social classes are in conflict, production requires that they cooperate with each other until capitalism is no longer fruitful and its exploitation is revealed, and this will bring the communist revolution. This, to Marx, was one of the contradictions of capitalism. Marx's thought that as long as there is class struggle history progresses. Eventually the process of dialectical materialism will bring an end to class struggle with the unavoidable establishment of a society without classes and therefore without struggle or conflict. Marx's popular text, the Communist Manifesto, indeed called the proletariat to rebel, but for his this only expediting the inevitable process of history as dictated by the notions of class struggle or conflict and dialectical materialism.

For additional information see:

Marx on Class Conflict - short summary and definition

Karl Marx - The Dialectic and the Dialectical Method - Summary

Marx's Perception of History in The German Ideology: dialectics and capitalism

Karl Marx and Marxism

Marx's Dialectical Approach and Materialist Interpretation of History
Marx on alienation and freedom
Marx's Value and Surplus Value theory
Marx on The Reserve Army of Labor / Unemployed 
Marx's Law of Increasing Concentration of Capital
Marx on Contradictions of Capitalism
Marx on the Crises of Capitalism 
Marx on the state
Marx on Imperialism 
Marx on the Proletarian Revolution 
Marx on the dictatorship of the Proletariat -
Summary of the Communist Manifesto 
Summary of The German Ideology

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