Short Summary: Renaissance, Reformation and Baroque - History of Philosophy
Renaissance + Reformation
Birth of humanism – importance of individual. “Go to the source.” Many technical advancements made: compass, guns and the printing press. Now, a monetary economy existed.
Man is considered valuable. Not only are we human, but each human is unique.(Individualism) Man did NOT purely exist for God’s sake. Pantheism is the belief that God is present in everything.
A new approach to science emerged: investigate with your senses(empirical) and run experiments.
New World View from Copernicus(1543) & the telescope, followed by Galileo: inertia, gravity. Kepler – path of planets; Newton – Universal Law of Gravitation; Now a personal relationship with god was more important.
Reformation – Luther wanted to do away with Church dogmas like indulgences for God’s forgiveness. Thought everyone should read the Bible and be their own priest.
Baroque
Pearl of irregular shape, carpedium & vanity. Gave birth to modern theatre. Reminiscent of Plato – both here&now and celestial. Two viewpoints – idealism & materialism. Hobbes was a materialist. Newton had a mechanistic world view. Laplace believed in determinism through science. Leibnitz – believed that material can always be broken up while the soul can not be.
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